Child Counselling Therapy

 Impact of climate change on child infectious diseases

Climate changes is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distributions of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions or the distribution of events around that average. As an example, more or fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region or may occur across the whole Earth. Actually climate change means an anthropogenic changes to the natural environment, including land use change, climate change, and deterioration of ecosystem services, are all accelerating. It is much more important to consider about impact of climate changes on human infectious diseases. Human infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, virus, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They are normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause diseases.

Climate change is the long term change in weather conditions and extreme weather. It can lead to changes in the health threat to humans and exacerbate existing health problems. This review examines the scientific evidence of the impact of climate change on human infectious diseases. It identifies gaps in research progress and human society can respond, adapt and prepare for relevant change. The literature shows that people are at greater risk for the health effects of climate change. As an active agent, people can effectively control the health effects that can be effectively controlled by taking proactive actions, including better understanding of climate change patterns and the specific health effects of diseases and effective allocation of technologies and resources for promotion awareness of a healthy lifestyle and the public.

Climate change is expected to exacerbate a number of climate sensitive diseases such as, Malaria, Dengue, West Nile virus, Cholera, TB, Acute, Respiratory infections, Diarrhea, Perinatal, HIV, Childhood cluster, Digestive diseases, Nutritional deficiencies, Chronic obstructive lung diseases and so on.

Increases in air and water pollution due to climate change are at the origin of both respiratory infections and aggravation of chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and COPD. The extent to which air pollution is also responsible for development of such complex diseases is still under debate. Climate changes can effect on the respiratory infections in several ways. Climate change increases water and air pollution which can cause and aggravate chronic respiratory disease. Climate changes can increased temperatures which lead to increase ground level ozone which cause air way inflammation and damages lung tissue.

Tuberculosis is another infectious disease which is spread due to impact of climate changes. The relationship between humidity and tuberculosis is strong and immediate with low humidity, but the risk decreases with increasing delay. Using optimal weather conditions that correspond to the lowest risk of infection, the risk of tuberculosis is highest at low temperatures, low humidity and low rainfall. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a tubercle bacillus, is causative agent of TB. Tuberculosis occurs in all parts of the world. Spring and summer are the most prevalent seasonal patterns of tuberculosis in almost every country. Observing the seasonality assumes the risk of transmission

Climate change are associated with occurrence of childhood diarrhea. Specially increased temperature and rainfall were associated with increased rate of childhood diarrhea. Diarrhea represents an important disease syndrome predicted to be particularly affected by climate change globally, diarrhea remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The majority of deaths occur in the children under 5 years of age. Previous studies have found a number of climate factors associated with diarrhea, including temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and air pressure, which may vary by region. However, the lack of empirical data has led to great uncertainty about the nature of potential climate effects, an emergency gap that requires urgent attention. This is specially important for high risk areas where poor adaptability, poverty and underlying conditions of poor resource management can lead to low adaptive capacity.

Digestive diseases are one most sensitive major disease category to climate change. Extreme weather events can also disrupt or slow the distribution of food. Higher air temperatures can increase cases of Salmonella and other bacteria related food poisoning because bacteria grow very rapidly in worm environments. These diseases can cause gastrointestinal distress and in severe cases, deaths. For an example, microbial proliferation, which is predicted in warmer temperatures driven by climate change may lead to more enteric infections, such as salmonella food poisoning and increased cholera outbreaks related to flooding and warmer coastal and estuarine water. Virus, bacteria and parasites are common causes GI infection resolves spontaneously without any medical intervention; however there is also a significant improvement in treatment options that can reduce mortality and morbidity. The socioeconomic impact is significant due to high prevalence of GI diseases.

The vulnerabilities of these population lead both to increased HIV / AIDS risk and to more severe environmental consequences such as erosive coping strategies, changes in livelihoods and increased reliance on natural resources. We can see precisely the patterns of response to climate change that are the result of the lack of social and political integrity of the leading world economic and political order. HIV people are warned to change their behavior with severe warnings and disaster prophecies. The spread of HIV / AIDS and the impact change are very common. People with minimal resources are most affected. There is also a lack of political will and the technical capabilities to manage the disaster. Therefore we can prove that effect on climate change cause to HIV among people all over the world.

Climate change causes patterns of climate change and extreme weather events to change. The health effects of climate change on human infectious diseases are caused by the effects of pathogens, hosts and disease transmission. Climate variability on a spatial or temporal scale affects the growth, survival, production and viability of pathogenic seeds, their interactions with hosts and humans. Therefore we can say that effect of climate change on human disease is very high.